Amardeep Steel is a leading supplier of ASTM A335 P91 Pipe, which comes in two types: type 1 and type 2, with type 2 being the more commonly used. The main P91 material includes carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, 8% chromium, and molybdenum. Multi Metals (India) is a top manufacturer of ASTM A335 P91 Pipe, offering various sizes and shapes. Smaller amounts of other elements, such as vanadium, nitrogen, nickel, aluminum, columbium, titanium, and zirconium, are also included in the P91 chemical composition. Alloy steel pipes follow the A335 standard, but forged or bored pipes may fall under the A369 standard.
P91 Pipe is used in power generation, gas processing, boilers, heaters, and many oil services. When welding these alloy steel pipes, they need to be preheated, and post-welding baking is optional. After welding, the pipes must cool to below 100 degrees Celsius before use.
P91 Seamless Pipe has a minimum tensile strength of 585 MPa and a minimum yield strength of 415 MPa, thanks to its material composition. The chromium and molybdenum in the pipe enhance its strength and corrosion resistance.
For more information about alloy steel pipe suppliers or to request a quote on P91 pipes, feel free to contact us.
P91 Pipes are available in sizes from 1/8 inch to 24 inches in nominal bore. The outer diameter and wall thickness vary, corresponding to schedules from sch20 to XXS. The wall thickness can range from 2mm to 14mm, with lengths up to 16,000mm. Alloy steel pipes come in various shapes, including round, square, rectangular, and hydraulic, with plain, beveled, and threaded ends.
Sulfur-chlorinated, water-based cutting fluids are effective for machining Alloy Steel P91 Seamless Pipes. While alloy steel pipes don't respond to regular aging treatments, strain aging at 700°F to 1100°F can enhance their strength for use below 1300°F. Amardeep Steel Centre specializes in ASTM A335 / ASME SA335 Grade P91 pipes, focusing on P91 chemical composition and offering various shapes. For machining, using cobalt high-speed steel or carbide tools is recommended, as reinforced material creates long, sticky chips, while cold-worked Alloy Steel P91 Pipes are easier to machine.
Check out our alloy steel products, engineered for superior strength. We offer pipes, rods, and more for various industrial uses. Discover our range today!
Specification Of SA335 P91 Material:
| Size | 1/8NB TO 24NB IN |
|---|---|
| Standards | ASTM A335, ASME SA335, UNS K91560 |
| Type | Seamless |
| Specialized in | Large Diameter Size |
| Outer Dimensions | 19.05mm – 114.3mm |
| Wall Thickness | 2.0mm – 14 mm |
| Length | max 16000mm |
| Schedule | Schedule 20 - Schedule XXS (heavier on request) up to 250 mm thk. |
| Form | Round, Square, Rectangular, Hydraulic Etc. |
| Length | Single Random, Double Random & Cut Length. |
| Tubing End | Plain End, Beveled End, Treaded. |
ASTM A335 Grade P91 Alloy Steel Pipe Chemical Compositions :
| C, % | Mn, % | P, % | S, % | Si, % | Cr, % | Mo, % | V, % | N, % | Ni, % | Al, % | Nb, % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.08-0.12 | 0.3-0.6 | 0.02 max | 0.01 max | 0.2-0.5 | 8.0-9.5 | 0.85-1.05 | 0.18-0.25 | 0.03-0.07 | 0.4 max | 0.04 max | 0.06-0.10 |
Alloy Steel P91 Seamless Pipes Mechanical Properties :
| Tensile Strength , MPa | Yield Strength, MPa | Elongation, % | Hardness, HB |
|---|---|---|---|
| 585 min | 415 min | 20 min | 250 max |
SA335 P91 Alloy Steel Pipe Heat Treatment Requirements :
| P5, P9, P11, and P22 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Grade | Heat Treatment Type | Normalizing Temperature Range F [C] | Subcritical Annealing or Tempering Temperature Range F [C] |
| P5 (b,c) | Full or Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize and Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
| Subcritical Anneal (P5c only) | ***** | 1325 - 1375 [715 - 745] | |
| P9 | Full or Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize and Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
| P11 | Full or Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize and Temper | ***** | 1200 [650] | |
| P22 | Full or Isothermal Anneal | ||
| Normalize and Temper | ***** | 1250 [675] | |
| P91 | Normalize and Temper | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
| Quench and Temper | 1900-1975 [1040 - 1080] | 1350-1470 [730 - 800] |
SA335 P91 Pipe Tensile Requirements :
| Seamless | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P-5 | P-9 | P-11 | P-22 | P-91 | P91 shall not have a hardness not exceeding 250 HB/265 HV [25HRC]. | |
| Tensile Strength, min., psi | ||||||
| ksi | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 85 | |
| MPa | 415 | 415 | 415 | 415 | 585 | |
| Yield Strength, min., psi | ||||||
| ksi | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 60 | |
| MPa | 205 | 205 | 205 | 205 | 415 | |
Alloy Steel P91 Seamless Pipe Wall Thickness :
| NPS [DN] Designator | Tolerance, % from Specified | |
|---|---|---|
| Over | Under | |
| 1/8 to 2 1/2 [6 to 65] incl., all t/D ratios | 20.0% | 12.5% |
| Above 2 1/2 [65], t/D < or = 5% | 22.5% | 12.5% |
| Above 2 1/2 [65], t/D > 5% | 15.0% | 12.5% |
| (t = Specified Wall Thickness; D = Specified Outside Diameter) | ||
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FAQ
What is P91 pipe material?
P91 is a type of alloy steel made from chromium and molybdenum. It is very strong and can handle high temperatures. P91 is specially designed to resist creep, which is when materials slowly deform under constant stress over time. To make P91, the metal is heated to 1050 °C, cooled in the air to 200 °C, and then heated again to 760 °C to improve its properties.
What is the difference between P9 and P91 material?
The main difference between P9 and P91 materials is their chemical makeup. P91 has an extra element called vanadium in its alloy, making it a modified version of P9.
What is the thickness of the P91 pipe?
The thickness of P91 pipes can vary depending on their size, with options from schedule 20 to extra extra strong (XXS). The wall thickness typically ranges from 2 mm to 14 mm, and the pipes can be as long as 16,000 mm.
What is the density of P91 steel?
The density of P91 steel is 7,770 kg/m³ at a temperature of 20 °C (68 °F). Although the density at other temperatures, such as 50 °C (122 °F) and 100 °C (212 °F), is not specified, it generally remains consistent with slight variations due to thermal expansion.
