Types of Steel & Steel Grades Chart
by AMC
Posted on August 05, 2024 at 12:40 PM
Steel is one of the most useful materials in the world. At its most basic, steel is made of iron and carbon. However, steel is more complex than it seems. The amount of carbon and iron, or the addition of other elements, changes the properties and strength of steel. This makes steel suitable for many different uses.
In this guide, you'll find information about steel classifications, uses, and types, along with an ASTM Steel Grade chart at the end. Let's begin by explaining the four main categories of steel.
The Four Types of Steel
Steel is a highly versatile material used in many industries. It is usually categorized into types based on chemical composition, physical properties, and usage. Here are the four most common types of steel:
- Carbon Steels
- Alloy Steels
- Stainless Steels
- Tool Steels
Carbon Steel
Carbon steel has a higher concentration of carbon compared to other types of steel (up to 2.5% carbon), which increases its strength. It's commonly used to make construction materials, tools, automotive parts, and more.
Types of Carbon Steel
Carbon steel is divided into three main categories:
- Low Carbon Steel (Mild Steel): Contains 0.04% to 0.30% carbon. It's one of the most common types.
- Medium Carbon Steel: Contains 0.31% to 0.60% carbon and 0.60% to 1.65% manganese.
- High Carbon Steel (Tool Steel): Contains 0.61% to 1.50% carbon.
Amardeep Steel is a leading supplier of carbon steel products, including piling, beams, channels, pipes, sheets, and more. We offer a wide inventory and provide finishing services like product sawing, galvanizing, and painting. If you're unsure which steel grade is best for your project, our steel professionals can help.
Alloy Steel
Alloy steel is made by combining carbon steel with one or more alloying elements, such as titanium, copper, chromium, aluminum, manganese, silicon, and nickel. This results in specific properties that are not found in standard carbon steel.
Stainless Steel
Stainless steel is a type of steel alloy that contains at least 11% chromium, which helps the material resist corrosion. It is widely used in applications where corrosion resistance is essential, such as kitchen utensils and cutlery.
Tool Steel
Tool steel is a type of carbon and alloy steel that is known for its hardness, resistance to abrasion, and ability to hold a cutting edge. These properties make tool steel ideal for making tools and dies used in manufacturing processes.
Steel Classifications
Steel can be classified by several factors, including:
- Composition: Types include carbon steel, alloy steel, and stainless steel.
- Finishing Method: Includes hot rolled, cold rolled, and cold finished.
- Production Method: Such as electric furnace and continuous casting.
- Microstructure: Types include ferritic, pearlitic, and martensitic.
- Physical Strength: Classified per ASTM standards.
- De-oxidation Process: Includes killed or semi-killed steel.
- Heat Treatment: Processes like annealing and tempering.
- Quality Nomenclature: Categories include commercial quality, pressure vessel quality, and drawing quality.
Steel Numbering Systems
The steel industry uses two major numbering systems to classify steel grades: the American Iron & Steel Institute (AISI) and the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) systems. Both systems primarily use four-digit numeric codes to identify a material's base carbon or alloy steel; however, some select alloy steels have five-digit codes.
All carbon steels start with a "1" in both the SAE and AISI systems. Carbon steels are then further divided into four categories based on their properties:
- Plain Carbon Steel: 10xx series (contains a maximum of 1.00% manganese)
- Resulfurized Carbon Steel: 11xx series
- Resulfurized and Rephosphorized Carbon Steel: 12xx series
- Non-Resulfurized High-Manganese Steel: 15xx series (contains up to 1.65% manganese)
The first digit in the codes for all other alloy steels (under the SAE-AISI system) is classified as follows:
| 2 | Nickel steels |
| 3 | Nickel-chromium steels. |
| 4 | Molybdenum steels. |
| 5 | Chromium steels. |
| 6 | Chromium-vanadium steels. |
| 7 | Tungsten-chromium steels. |
| 8 | Nickel-chromium-molybdenum steels |
| 9 | Silicon-manganese steels and various other SAE grades |
Steel Grades & Standards
According to the World Steel Association, there are over 3,500 different grades of steel. While steel is primarily made up of iron and carbon, the amount of carbon, level of impurities, and additional alloying elements all determine the grade of steel. Each grade has unique properties and typical uses. Below are some common grades of steel and their uses as determined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).
ASTM Steel Standards
ASTM International is a nonprofit organization that unites experts from various industries to develop and maintain a broad range of voluntary standards. These standards address many aspects, including material composition, mechanical properties, testing methods, and specifications for different steel products.
Standards for Steel in Architectural Metal Fence Systems
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F2408 – 16 | Ornamental fences with galvanized steel tubular pickets |
| F2453 / F2453M – 14(2019) | Welded wire mesh fence fabric |
| F2548 – 20 | Expanded metal fence systems for security purposes |
| F2589 – 16 | Ornamental fences with steel tubular pickets |
| F2919 / F2919M – 12(2018) | Welded wire mesh fence fabric (metallic-coated or polymer coated) with variable mesh patterns or meshes greater than 6 in.2 [3871 mm2] in panels |
| F2957 – 13(2019)e1 | Ornamental aluminum fence systems |
Types of Steel Bars
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| A29 / A29M – 20 | Steel bars, carbon and alloy, hot-wrought |
| A108 – 18 | Steel bar, carbon and alloy, cold-finished |
| A125 – 96(2018) | Steel springs, helical, heat-treated |
| A255 – 20a | Standard test methods for determining hardenability of steel |
| A304 – 20 | Carbon and alloy steel bars subject to end-quench hardenability requirements |
| A311 / A311M – 04(2020) | Cold-drawn, stress-relieved carbon steel bars subject to mechanical property requirements |
| A322 – 13(2018)e1 | Steel bars, alloy, standard grades |
| A355 – 89(2017) | Steel bars, alloys, for nitriding |
| A400 – 17 | Steel bars, selection guide, composition, and mechanical properties |
| A434 / A434M – 18 | Steel bars, alloy, hot-wrought or cold-finished, quenched and tempered |
| A499 – 15(2020) | Steel bars and shapes, carbon rolled from “t” rails |
| A575 – 20 | Steel bars, carbon, merchant quality, m-grades |
| A576 – 17 | Steel bars, carbon, hot-wrought, special quality |
| A663 / A663M – 17 | Steel bars, carbon, merchant quality, mechanical properties |
| A675 / A675M – 14(2019) | Steel bars, carbon, hot-wrought, special quality, mechanical properties |
| A689 – 97(2018) | Carbon and alloy steel bars for springs |
| A696 – 17 | Steel bars, carbon, hot-wrought or cold-finished, special quality, for pressure piping components |
| A702 – 13(2018) | Steel fence posts, hot wrought |
| A739 – 90a(2016) | Steel bars, alloy, hot-wrought, for elevated temperature or pressure-containing parts, or both |
| A914 / A914M – 19 | Steel bars subject to restricted end-quench hardenability requirements |
| A920 / A920M – 14(2019) | Steel bars, microalloy, hot-wrought, special quality, mechanical properties |
| A921 / A921M – 93(2016) | Steel bars, microalloy, hot-wrought, special quality, for subsequent hot forging |
| A1040 – 17 | Harmonized standard grade compositions for wrought carbon, low-alloy, and alloy steels |
| A1075 – 12(2017)e1 | Flanged steel u-channel posts |
| E618 – 07(2018) | Standard test method for evaluating machining performance of ferrous metals using an automatic screw/bar machine |
Carbon Steel Tubular Products
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| A53 / A53M – 20 | Pipe, steel, black and hot-dipped, zinc-coated, welded and seamless |
| A106 / A106M – 19a | Seamless carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service |
| A134 / A134M – 19 | Electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel pipe (sizes NPS 16 and over) |
| A135 / A135M – 20 | Electric-resistance-welded steel pipe |
| A139 / A139M – 16 | Electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel pipe (NPS 4 and over) |
| A178 / A178M – 19 | Electric-resistance-welded carbon steel and carbon-manganese steel boiler and superheater tubes |
| A179 / A179M – 19 | Seamless cold-drawn low-carbon steel heat-exchanger and condenser tubes |
| A192 / A192M – 17 | Seamless carbon steel boiler tubes for high-pressure service |
| A210 / A210M – 19 | Seamless medium-carbon steel boiler and superheater tubes |
| A214 / A214M – 19 | Electric-resistance-welded carbon steel heat-exchanger and condenser tubes |
| A252 / A252M – 19 | Welded and seamless steel pipe piles |
| A254 / A254M – 12(2019) | Copper-brazed steel tubing |
| A381 / A381M – 18 | Metal-arc-welded carbon or high-strength low-alloy steel pipe for high-pressure transmission systems |
| A423 / A423M – 19 | Seamless and electric-welded low-alloy steel tubes |
| A450 / A450M – 18a | General requirements for carbon and low alloy steel tubes |
| A498 / A498M – 17 | Seamless and welded carbon steel heat-exchanger tubes with integral fins |
| A500 / A500M – 20 | Cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing in rounds and shapes |
| A501 / A501M – 14 | Hot-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing |
| A512 – 18 | Cold-drawn buttweld carbon steel mechanical tubing |
| A513 / A513M – 20a | Electric-resistance-welded carbon and alloy steel mechanical tubing |
| A519 / A519M – 17 | Seamless carbon and alloy steel mechanical tubing |
| A523 / A523M – 20 | Plain end seamless and electric-resistance-welded steel pipe for high-pressure pipe-type cable circuits |
| A524 – 17 | Seamless carbon steel pipe for atmospheric and lower temperatures |
| A530 / A530M – 18 | General requirements for specialized carbon and alloy steel pipe |
| A556 / A556M – 18 | Seamless cold-drawn carbon steel feedwater heater tubes |
| A587 – 96(2019) | Electric-resistance-welded low-carbon steel pipe for the chemical industry |
| A589 / A589M – 06(2018) | Seamless and welded carbon steel water-well pipe |
| A595 / A595M – 18 | Steel tubes, low-carbon or high-strength low-alloy, tapered for structural use |
| A618 / A618M – 04(2015) | Hot-formed welded and seamless high-strength low-alloy structural tubing |
| A671 / A671M – 20 | Electric-fusion-welded steel pipe for atmospheric and lower temperatures |
| A672 / A672M – 19 | Electric-fusion-welded steel pipe for high-pressure service at moderate temperatures |
| A691 / A691M – 19 | Carbon and alloy steel pipe, electric-fusion-welded for high-pressure service at high temperatures |
| A733 – 16 | Welded and seamless carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel pipe nipples |
| A787 / A787M – 20a | Electric-resistance-welded metallic-coated carbon steel mechanical tubing |
| A795 / A795M – 13(2020) | Black and hot-dipped zinc-coated (galvanized) welded and seamless steel pipe for fire protection use |
| A822 / A822M – 20 | Seamless cold-drawn carbon steel tubing for hydraulic system service |
| A847 / A847M – 20 | Cold-formed welded and seamless high-strength low-alloy structural tubing with improved atmospheric corrosion resistance |
| A865 / A865M – 06(2017) | Threaded couplings, steel, black or zinc-coated (galvanized) welded or seamless, for use in steel pipe joints |
| A972 / A972M – 00(2015) | Fusion bonded epoxy-coated pipe piles |
| A1024 / A1024M – 18 | Steel line pipe, black, plain-end, seamless |
| A1065 / A1065M – 18 | Cold-formed electric-fusion (arc) welded high-strength low-alloy structural tubing in shapes, with 50 ksi [345 MPa] minimum yield point |
| A1076 / A1076M – 20 | Cold-formed carbon structural steel tubing made from metallic precoated sheet steel |
| A1085 / A1085M – 15 | Cold-formed welded carbon steel hollow structural sections (HSS) |
| A1097 – 16 | Steel casing pipe, electric-fusion (arc)-welded (outside diameter of 10 in. and larger) |
| A1103 / A1103M – 16 | Seamless cold-finished carbon steel structural frame tubing for automotive racing applications |
| A1110 / A1110M – 18 | Cold-formed welded and seamless carbon steel structural tubing in rounds and shapes with 52 ksi [360 MPa] minimum yield strength and impact requirements |
| A1112 / A1112M – 18 | Cold-formed welded high-strength carbon steel or high-strength low-alloy steel hollow structural sections (HSS) in rounds and shapes |
Steel Castings
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| A27 / A27M – 20 | Standard specification for steel castings, carbon, for general application |
| A99 – 03(2019) | Standard specification for ferromanganese |
| A100 – 07(2018) | Standard specification for ferrosilicon |
| A101 – 04(2019) | Standard specification for ferrochromium |
| A102 – 04(2019) | Standard specification for ferrovanadium |
| A128 / A128M – 19 | Standard specification for steel castings, austenitic manganese |
| A132 – 04(2019) | Standard specification for ferromolybdenum |
| A144 – 04(2019) | Standard specification for ferrotungsten |
| A146 – 04(2019) | Standard specification for molybdenum oxide products |
| A148 / A148M – 20e1 | Standard specification for steel castings, high strength, for structural purposes |
| A216 / A216M – 18 | Standard specification for steel castings, carbon, suitable for fusion welding, for high-temperature service |
| A217 / A217M – 20 | Standard specification for steel castings, martensitic stainless and alloy, for pressure-containing parts, suitable for high-temperature service |
| A297 / A297M – 20 | Standard specification for steel castings, iron-chromium and iron-chromium-nickel, heat resistant, for general application |
| A323 – 05(2020) | Standard specification for ferroboron |
| A324 – 08(2019) | Standard specification for ferrotitanium |
| A351 / A351M – 18e1 | Standard specification for castings, austenitic, for pressure-containing parts |
| A352 / A352M – 18a | Standard specification for steel castings, ferritic and martensitic, for pressure-containing parts, suitable for low-temperature service |
| A356 / A356M – 16 | Standard specification for steel castings, carbon, low alloy, and stainless steel, heavy-walled for steam turbines |
| A389 / A389M – 13(2018) | Standard specification for steel castings, alloy, specially heat treated, for pressure-containing parts, suitable for high-temperature service |
| A426 / A426M – 18 | Standard specification for centrifugally cast ferritic alloy steel pipe for high-temperature service |
| A447 / A447M – 11(2016) | Standard specification for steel castings, chromium-nickel-iron alloy (25-12 class), for high-temperature service |
| A451 / A451M – 20 | Standard specification for centrifugally cast austenitic steel pipe for high-temperature service |
| A481 – 05(2020) | Standard specification for chromium metal |
| A482 / A482M – 11(2016) | Standard specification for ferrochrome-silicon |
| A483 / A483M – 10(2020) | Standard specification for silicomanganese |
| A487 / A487M – 20 | Standard specification for steel castings suitable for pressure service |
| A488 / A488M – 18e2 | Standard practice for steel castings, welding, qualifications of procedures and personnel |
| A494 / A494M – 18a | Standard specification for castings, nickel and nickel alloy |
| A495 – 06(2020) | Standard specification for calcium-silicon alloys |
| A550 – 16 | Standard specification for ferrocolumbium (ferroniobium) |
| A560 / A560M – 12(2018) | Standard specification for castings, chromium-nickel alloy |
| A601 / A601M – 10(2020) | Standard specification for electrolytic manganese metal |
| A608 / A608M – 20 | Standard specification for centrifugally cast iron-chromium-nickel high-alloy tubing for pressure application at high temperatures |
| A609 / A609M – 12(2018) | Standard practice for castings, carbon, low-alloy, and martensitic stainless steel, ultrasonic examination thereof |
| A610 – 79(2019) | Standard test methods for sampling and testing ferroalloys for determination of size |
| A636 – 08(2018) | Standard specification for nickel oxide sinter |
| A660 / A660M – 11(2016) | Standard specification for centrifugally cast carbon steel pipe for high-temperature service |
| A701 / A701M – 10(2020) | Standard specification for ferromanganese-silicon |
| A703 / A703M – 20a | Standard specification for steel castings, general requirements, for pressure-containing parts |
| A732 / A732M – 20 | Standard specification for castings, investment, carbon and low-alloy steel for general application, and cobalt alloy for high strength at elevated temperatures |
| A743 / A743M – 19 | Standard specification for castings, iron-chromium, iron-chromium-nickel, corrosion resistant, for general application |
| A744 / A744M – 20a | Standard specification for castings, iron-chromium-nickel, corrosion resistant, for severe service |
| A747 / A747M – 18 | Standard specification for steel castings, stainless, precipitation hardening |
| A757 / A757M – 15 | Standard specification for steel castings, ferritic and martensitic, for pressure-containing and other applications, for low-temperature service |
| A781 / A781M – 20a | Standard specification for castings, steel and alloy, common requirements, for general industrial use |
| A799 / A799M – 10(2020) | Standard practice for steel castings, stainless, instrument calibration, for estimating ferrite content |
| A800 / A800M – 20 | Standard practice for estimating ferrite content of stainless steel castings containing both ferrite and austenite |
| A802 – 19 | Standard practice for steel castings, surface acceptance standards, visual examination |
| A835 / A835M – 10(2020) | Standard specification for sizes of ferroalloys and alloy additives |
| A872 / A872M – 14 | Standard specification for centrifugally cast ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe for corrosive environments |
| A890 / A890M – 18a | Standard specification for castings, iron-chromium-nickel-molybdenum corrosion-resistant, duplex (austenitic/ferritic) for general application |
| A903 / A903M – 99(2017) | Standard specification for steel castings, surface acceptance standards, magnetic particle and liquid penetrant inspection |
| A915 / A915M – 08(2018) | Standard specification for steel castings, carbon, and alloy, chemical requirements similar to standard wrought grades |
| A922 – 05(2020) | Standard specification for silicon metal |
| A957 / A957M – 20 | Standard specification for investment castings, steel and alloy, common requirements, for general industrial use |
| A958 / A958M – 17 | Standard specification for steel castings, carbon and alloy, with tensile requirements, chemical requirements similar to standard wrought grades |
| A985 / A985M – 20 | Standard specification for steel investment castings general requirements, for pressure-containing parts |
| A990 / A990M – 20 | Standard specification for castings, iron-nickel-chromium and nickel alloys, specially controlled for pressure-retaining parts for corrosive service |
| A995 / A995M – 20 | Standard specification for castings, austenitic-ferritic (duplex) stainless steel, for pressure-containing parts |
| A997 – 08(2018) | Standard practice for investment castings, surface acceptance standards, visual examination |
| A1001 – 18 | Standard specification for high-strength steel castings in heavy sections |
| A1002 – 16(2020) | Standard specification for castings, nickel-aluminum ordered alloy |
| A1025 / A1025M – 10(2020) | Standard specification for ferroalloys and other alloying materials, general requirements |
| A1062 – 10(2020) | Standard specification for steel castings sampling |
| A1067 / A1067M – 12a(2018) | Standard specification for test coupons for steel castings |
| A1080 / A1080M – 19 | Standard practice for hot isostatic pressing of steel, stainless steel, and related alloy castings |
| A1091 / A1091M – 16e1 | Standard specification for steel castings, creep-strength enhanced ferritic alloy, for pressure-containing parts, suitable for high temperature service |
Chain Link Fence and Wire Accessories
| Designation | Type of Steel | Description |
| A392 – 11a(2017) | Zinc-coated steel |
Specification for zinc-coated steel chain-link fence fabric.
|
| A491 – 11(2017) | Aluminum-coated steel |
Specification for aluminum-coated steel chain-link fence fabric.
|
| A824 – 01(2017) | Metallic-coated steel |
Specification for metallic-coated steel marcelled tension wire used with chain link fences.
|
| F552 – 14(2019) | N/A |
Terminology relating to chain link fencing.
|
| F567 – 14a(2019) | N/A |
Practice for installation of chain-link fences.
|
| F626 – 14(2019) | N/A |
Specification for fence fittings.
|
| F668 – 17 | Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyolefin, and other polymer-coated steel |
Specification for polymer-coated steel chain link fence fabric.
|
| F934 – 96(2017) | N/A |
Specification for standard colors for polymer-coated chain link fence materials.
|
| F1043 – 18 | Steel |
Specification for strength and protective coatings on steel industrial fence framework.
|
| F1083 – 18 | Steel, hot-dipped zinc-coated (galvanized) |
Specification for steel pipe used in fence structures.
|
| F1183 – 96(2017) | Aluminum alloy |
Specification for aluminum alloy chain link fence fabric.
|
| F1345 – 10a(2019) | Zinc-5% aluminum-mischmetal alloy-coated steel |
Specification for zinc-5% aluminum-mischmetal alloy-coated steel chain-link fence fabric.
|
| F1379 – 95(2018) | N/A |
Terminology relating to barbed tape.
|
| F1553 – 11(2017) | N/A |
Guide for specifying chain link fence.
|
| F1664 – 08(2018) | Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and other polymer-coated steel |
Specification for polymer-coated steel tension wire used with chain-link fences.
|
| F1665 – 08(2018) | Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and other polymer-coated steel |
Specification for polymer-coated steel barbed wire used with chain-link fences.
|
| F1910 – 98(2018) | N/A |
Specification for long barbed tape obstacles.
|
| F1911 – 05(2019) | N/A |
Practice for installation of barbed tape.
|
| F3000 / F3000M – 13(2018) | N/A |
Specification for polymer privacy insert slats for chain link fabric and privacy chain link fabric with pre-installed privacy slats.
|
Computer Applications
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F1716 – 96(2015) | Standard guide for transition and performance of marine software systems maintenance |
| F1757 – 96(2015) | Standard guide for digital communication protocols for computerized systems |
| F2001 – 15 | Standard guide for vessel-related technical information for use in developing an electronic database and ship safety record |
| F2017 – 15 | Standard guide for database structure of electronic data interchange between ship owner and shipyard for contract administration |
| F2218 – 02(2015) | Standard guide for hardware implementation for computerized systems |
| F2446 – 04(2018) | Standard classification for hierarchy of equipment identifiers and boundaries for reliability, availability, and maintainability (ram) performance data exchange |
| F3286 – 17 | Standard guide for cybersecurity and cyberattack mitigation |
Corrugated Steel Pipe Specifications
| Designation | Description |
| A742 / A742M – 20 | Standard specification for steel sheet, metallic coated and polymer precoated for corrugated steel pipe. |
| A760 / A760M – 15(2020) | Standard specification for corrugated steel pipe, metallic-coated for sewers and drains. |
| A761 / A761M – 18 | Standard specification for corrugated steel structural plate, zinc-coated, for field-bolted pipe, pipe-arches, and arches. |
| A762 / A762M – 19 | Standard specification for corrugated steel pipe, polymer precoated for sewers and drains. |
| A796 / A796M – 17a | Standard practice for structural design of corrugated steel pipe, pipe-arches, and arches for storm and sanitary sewers and other buried applications. |
| A798 / A798M – 17 | Standard practice for installing factory-made corrugated steel pipe for sewers and other applications. |
| A807 / A807M – 19 | Standard practice for installing corrugated steel structural plate pipe for sewers and other applications. |
| A849 – 15 | Standard specification for post-applied coatings, pavings, and linings for corrugated steel sewer and drainage pipe. |
| A862 / A862M – 98(2020) | Standard practice for application of asphalt coatings to corrugated steel sewer and drainage pipe. |
| A929 / A929M – 18 | Standard specification for steel sheet, metallic-coated by the hot-dip process for corrugated steel pipe. |
| A930 – 09(2020) | Standard practice for life-cycle cost analysis of corrugated metal pipe used for culverts, storm sewers, and other buried conduits. |
| A964 / A964M – 17 | Standard specification for corrugated steel box culverts. |
| A979 / A979M – 03(2019) | Standard specification for concrete pavements and linings installed in corrugated steel structures in the field. |
| A998 / A998M – 18 | Standard practice for structural design of reinforcements for fittings in factory-made corrugated steel pipe for sewers and other applications. |
| A1105 – 17 | Standard specification for corrugated steel manhole assemblies. |
| A1107 / A1107M – 17 | Standard specification for resilient connectors between reinforced concrete manhole structures and corrugated steel drainage pipes. |
| A1108 – 17 | Standard test method for determining the ultimate strength of deep corrugated structural plate bolted longitudinal lapped seams. |
| A1113 / A1113M – 20 | Standard specification for corrugated steel structural plate, polymer-coated, for field-bolted pipe, pipe-arches, and arches. |
Editorial
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| A994 – 18 | Standard guide for editorial procedures and form of product specifications for steel, stainless steel, and related alloys |
| E527 – 16 | Standard practice for numbering metals and alloys in the unified numbering system (uns) |
Editorial and Terminology
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| A902 – 18a | Standard terminology relating to metallic coated steel products |
Electrical Steel Grade Chart
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F1003 – 19 | Standard for searchlights on motor lifeboats |
| F1014 – 20 | Standard for flashlights on vessels |
| F1134 – 15(2019) | Standard for insulation resistance monitors for shipboard electrical motors and generators |
| F1198 – 92(2018)e1 | Guide for shipboard fire detection systems |
| F1207M – 12(2018) | Standard for electrical insulation monitors for ground resistance in active electrical systems (metric) |
| F1507 – 99(2017) | Standard for surge suppressors used on ships |
| F1669M – 12(2018) | Standard for insulation monitors for shipboard electrical systems (metric) |
| F1755M – 96(2018) | Standard for solid-state bargraph meters for shipboard use (metric) |
| F1835 – 97(2018) | Guide for cable splicing installations |
| F1836M – 15(2019) | Standard for nylon stuffing tubes and packing assemblies (metric) |
| F1837M – 97(2018) | Standard for heat-shrink cable entry seals (metric) |
| F1883 – 20 | Practice for selecting wire and cable sizes in AWG or metric units |
| F2044 – 09(2019)e1 | Standard for liquid level indicating equipment |
| F2045 – 00(2018)e1 | Standard for sight indicators for liquid levels, both direct and indirect reading, made from tubular glass/plastic |
| F2046 – 00(2017) | Standard for various types of tachometers |
| F2070 – 00(2017) | Standard for pressure and differential pressure transducers, electrical and fiber-optic |
| F2071 – 00(2017) | Standard for proximity switches (noncontact) or limit switches (mechanical contact), fiber-optic |
| F2361 – 18 | Guide for ordering low voltage (1000 VAC or less) AC electric motors for shipboard use, up to 500 horsepower |
| F2362 – 03(2019) | Standard for temperature monitoring equipment |
| F3353 – 19 | Guide for the shipboard use of lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries |
Flat-Rolled and Wrought Stainless Steel
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| A240 / A240M – 20a | Standard for chromium and chromium-nickel stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip for pressure vessels and general use |
| A276 / A276M – 17 | Standard for stainless steel bars and shapes |
| A313 / A313M – 18 | Standard for stainless steel spring wire |
| A314 – 19 | Standard for stainless steel billets and bars for forging |
| A368 – 95a(2019) | Standard for stainless steel wire strand |
| A478 – 97(2019) | Standard for chromium-nickel stainless steel weaving and knitting wire |
| A479 / A479M – 20 | Standard for stainless steel bars and shapes for use in boilers and other pressure vessels |
| A480 / A480M – 20a | Standard for general requirements for flat-rolled stainless and heat-resisting steel plate, sheet, and strip |
| A484 / A484M – 20b | Standard for general requirements for stainless steel bars, billets, and forgings |
| A492 – 95(2019) | Standard for stainless steel rope wire |
| A493 – 16 | Standard for stainless steel wire and wire rods for cold heading and cold forging |
| A555 / A555M – 20 | Standard for general requirements for stainless steel wire and wire rods |
| A564 / A564M – 19a | Standard for hot-rolled and cold-finished age-hardening stainless steel bars and shapes |
| A565 / A565M – 10(2017)e1 | Standard for martensitic stainless steel bars for high-temperature service |
| A580 / A580M – 18 | Standard for stainless steel wire |
| A581 / A581M – 95b(2014) | Standard for free-machining stainless steel wire and wire rods |
| A582 / A582M – 12(2017) | Standard for free-machining stainless steel bars |
| A638 / A638M – 20 | Standard for precipitation-hardening iron base superalloy bars, forgings, and forging stock for high-temperature service |
| A666 – 15 | Standard for annealed or cold-worked austenitic stainless steel sheet, strip, plate, and flat bar |
| A693 – 16 | Standard for precipitation-hardening stainless and heat-resisting steel plate, sheet, and strip |
| A705 / A705M – 20 | Standard for age-hardening stainless steel forgings |
| A793 – 96(2014) | Standard for rolled floor plate, stainless steel |
| A887 – 20 | Standard for borated stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip for nuclear application |
| A895 – 89(2017) | Standard for free-machining stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip |
| A947M – 16 | Standard for textured stainless steel sheet (metric) |
| A959 – 19 | Guide for specifying harmonized standard grade compositions for wrought stainless steels |
| A1010 / A1010M – 13(2018) | Standard for higher-strength martensitic stainless steel plate, sheet, and strip |
| A1028 – 03(2015) | Standard for stainless steel bars for compressor and turbine airfoils |
| A1069 / A1069M – 19 | Standard for laser and laser hybrid welded stainless steel bars, plates, and shapes |
Gates
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F654 – 07(2017) | Standard specification for residential chain link fence gates |
| F900 – 11(2017) | Standard specification for industrial and commercial steel swing gates |
| F1184 – 16 | Standard specification for industrial and commercial horizontal slide gates |
| F2200 – 20 | Standard specification for automated vehicular gate construction |
| F2630 – 14 | Standard guide for self-closing/self-latching general-purpose gates |
General Requirements
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F906 – 85(2020) | Standard for letters and numerals for ships |
| F956 – 91(2018) | Standard for cast bells used in sound signaling |
| F957 – 91(2018) | Standard for gongs used in sound signaling |
| F1097 – 17 | Standard for high-temperature, air-setting refractory mortar |
| F1099M – 18 | Standard for rat guards used on ships (metric) |
| F1138 – 98(2014) | Standard for spray shields for mechanical joints |
| F1145 – 05(2017) | Standard for swaged, welded, and forged turnbuckles |
| F1166 – 07(2013) | Practice for human engineering design for marine systems, equipment, and facilities |
| F1182 – 07(2019) | Standard for sacrificial zinc alloy anodes |
| F1270 – 97(2019) | Practice for preparing and locating emergency muster lists |
| F1297 – 90(2018) | Guide for location and instruction symbols for evacuation and lifesaving equipment |
| F1312 – 19 | Standard for high-temperature, insulating fire clay bricks |
| F1337 – 10(2015) | Practice for human systems integration program requirements for ships and marine systems, equipment, and facilities |
| F1347 – 91(2018) | Standard for manually operated fueling hose reels |
| F1348 / F1348M – 91(2019) | Standard for pneumatic rotary descaling machines |
| F1546 – 96(2018) | Standard for fire hose nozzles |
| F1878 – 98(2015) | Guide for evaluating and selecting escort vessels |
| F1994 – 99(2019)e1 | Test method for shipboard fixed foam firefighting systems |
| F2016 – 00(2018) | Practice for establishing quality requirements for shipbuilding hull structures, outfitting, and coatings |
| F2039 – 00(2018) | Guide for basic elements of shipboard occupational health and safety programs |
| F2192 – 05(2017) | Test method for determining and reporting berthing energy and reaction of marine fenders |
| F2876 – 10(2015) | Practice for thermal rating and installation of internal combustion engine packages for hazardous marine applications |
| F3256 – 17 | Guide for reporting and recording near-misses in the maritime industry |
| F3284 – 18 | Guide for recording and reporting injuries and illnesses in the maritime industry |
| F3449 – 20 | Guide for including cyber risks into maritime safety management systems in accordance with IMO resolution MSC.428(98) |
High Security Fences and Perimeter Barriers
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F2611 – 15 | Standard guide for design and construction of chain link security fencing |
| F2780 – 20 | Standard guide for design and construction of expanded metal security fences and barriers |
| F2781 – 15 | Standard practice for testing forced entry, ballistic and low impact resistance of security fence systems |
| F2814 – 09(2015) | Standard guide for design and construction of ornamental steel picket fence systems for security purposes |
| F3204 – 16 | Standard guide for design and construction of welded wire fence systems for security purposes |
Insulation/Processes
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F683 – 14 | Standard practice for selection and application of thermal insulation for piping and machinery |
| F2087 – 13(2019) | Standard specification for packing, fiberglass, braided, rope, and wick |
| F2154 – 13(2019) | Standard specification for sound-absorbing board, fibrous glass, perforated fibrous glass cloth faced |
| F2168 – 13(2019) | Standard specification for packing material, graphitic, corrugated ribbon or textured tape, and die-formed ring |
| F2191 / F2191M – 13(2020)e1 | Standard specification for packing material, graphitic or carbon braided yarn |
| F2877 / F2877M – 13(2019) | Standard test method for shock testing of structural insulation of a-class divisions constructed of steel or aluminum |
| F3319 – 20 | Standard specification for selection and application of field-installed cryogenic pipe and equipment insulation systems on liquefied natural gas (lng)-fueled ships |
Machinery and Piping Systems
| Designation | Type of Steel |
| F681 – 82(2018) | Standard practice for use of branch connections |
| F682 – 82a(2018) | Standard specification for wrought carbon steel sleeve-type pipe couplings |
| F704 – 81(2018)e1 | Standard practice for selecting bolting lengths for piping system flanged joints |
| F707 / F707M – 94(2019)e1 | Standard specification for modular gauge boards |
| F708 – 92(2018)e1 | Standard practice for design and installation of rigid pipe hangers |
| F721 – 18 | Standard specification for gage piping assemblies |
| F722 – 18 | Standard specification for welded joints for shipboard piping systems |
| F841 – 19 | Standard specification for thrusters, tunnel, permanently installed in marine vessels |
| F856 – 97(2018) | Standard practice for mechanical symbols, shipboard—heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (hvac) |
| F885 – 84(2017) | Standard specification for envelope dimensions for bronze globe valves nps 14 to 2 |
| F986 – 86(2018)e1 | Standard specification for suction strainer boxes |
| F992 – 17 | Standard specification for valve label plates |
| F993 – 17 | Standard specification for valve locking devices |
| F994 – 86(2018) | Standard specification for design and installation of overboard discharge hull penetration connections |
| F998 – 12(2018) | Standard specification for centrifugal pump, shipboard use |
| F1000 – 13(2019) | Standard practice for piping system drawing symbols |
| F1005 – 91(2019) | Standard practice for hvac duct shapes; identification and description of design configuration |
| F1006 – 86(2018) | Standard specification for entrainment separators for use in marine piping applications |
| F1007 – 18 | Standard specification for pipeline expansion joints of the packed slip type for marine application |
| F1020 – 86(2018) | Standard specification for line-blind valves for marine applications |
| F1030 – 86(2018) | Standard practice for selection of valve operators |
| F1075 – 97(2018) | Standard specification for dehumidifier, shipboard, mechanically refrigerated, self-contained |
| F1076 – 19 | Standard practice for expanded welded and silver brazed socket joints for pipe and tube |
| F1098 – 87(2019) | Standard specification for envelope dimensions for butterfly valves—nps 2 to 24 |
| F1120 – 87(2019) | Standard specification for circular metallic bellows type expansion joints for piping applications |
| F1121 – 87(2019) | Standard specification for international shore connections for marine fire applications |
| F1122 – 04(2015)e1 | Standard specification for quick disconnect couplings (6 in. Nps and smaller) |
| F1123 – 87(2019) | Standard specification for non-metallic expansion joints |
| F1139 – 88(2019) | Standard specification for steam traps and drains |
| F1155 – 10(2019) | Standard practice for selection and application of piping system materials |
| F1172 – 88(2019) | Standard specification for fuel oil meters of the volumetric positive displacement type |
| F1173 – 01(2018) | Standard specification for thermosetting resin fiberglass pipe systems to be used for marine applications |
| F1199 – 88(2019) | Standard specification for cast (all temperatures and pressures) and welded pipe line strainers (150 psig and 150°f maximum) |
| F1200 – 88(2016) | Standard specification for fabricated (welded) pipe line strainers (above 150 psig and 150°f) |
| F1201 – 88(2016) | Standard specification for fluid conditioner fittings in piping applications above 0°f |
| F1245 – 19 | Standard specification for faucets, single and double, compression and self-closing type, shipboard |
| F1271 – 90(2018) | Standard specification for spill valves for use in marine tank liquid overpressure protections applications |
| F1273 – 91(2013) | Standard specification for tank vent flame arresters |
| F1298 – 90(2018) | Standard specification for flexible, expansion-type ball joints for marine applications |
| F1311 – 90(2018) | Standard specification for large–diameter fabricated carbon steel flanges |
| F1330 – 91(2018) | Standard guide for metallic abrasive blasting to descale the interior of pipe |
| F1333 – 91(2019) | Standard specification for construction of fire and foam station cabinets |
| F1338 – 91(2019) | Standard guide for main propulsion medium speed marine diesel engines covering performance and minimum scope of assembly |
| F1370 – 92(2019)e1 | Standard specification for pressure-reducing valves for water systems, shipboard |
| F1386 – 92(2016)e1 | Standard guide for construction of sounding tube and striker plate for tank sounding |
| F1387 – 19 | Standard specification for performance of piping and tubing mechanically attached fittings |
| F1431 – 92(2016) | Standard specification for water trap for diesel exhaust |
| F1476 – 07(2019) | Standard specification for performance of gasketed mechanical couplings for use in piping applications |
| F1508 – 96(2016)e1 | Standard specification for angle style, pressure relief valves for steam, gas, and liquid services |
| F1510 – 07(2019) | Standard specification for rotary positive displacement pumps, ships use |
| F1511 – 18 | Standard specification for mechanical seals for shipboard pump applications |
| F1548 – 01(2018) | Standard specification for performance of fittings for use with gasketed mechanical couplings used in piping applications |
| F1565 – 00(2019) | Standard specification for pressure-reducing valves for steam service |
| F1567 – 94(2019) | Standard specification for fabricated or cast automatic self-cleaning, fuel oil and lubricating oil strainers |
| F1685 – 00(2019) | Standard specification for pressure-reducing manifolds for air or nitrogen systems |
| F1718 – 01(2019) | Standard specification for rotary positive displacement distillate fuel pumps |
| F1791 – 00(2019) | Standard specification for filters used in air or nitrogen systems |
| F1792 – 97(2016)e1 | Standard specification for special requirements for valves used in gaseous oxygen service |
| F1793 – 97(2016)e1 | Standard specification for automatic shut-off valves (also known as excess flow valves, efv) for air or nitrogen service |
| F1794 – 97(2016)e1 | Standard specification for hand-operated, globe-style valves for gas (except oxygen gas) and hydraulic systems |
| F1795 – 00(2019) | Standard specification for pressure-reducing valves for air or nitrogen systems |
| F1985 – 99(2019)e1 | Standard specification for pneumatic-operated, globe-style, control valves |
| F2014 – 00(2019) | Standard specification for non-reinforced extruded tee connections for piping applications |
| F2015 – 00(2019) | Standard specification for lap joint flange pipe end applications |
| F2798 – 09(2018) | Standard specification for sealless lube oil pump with oil through motor for marine applications |
| F2934 – 12(2018) | Standard specification for circular metallic bellows type expansion joint for hvac piping applications |
| F3226 / F3226M – 19 | Standard specification for metallic press-connect fittings for piping and tubing systems |
| F3285 – 18 | Standard guide for installation and application of type c portable tanks for marine lng service |
| F3312 / F3312M – 18 | Standard practice for liquefied natural gas (lng) bunkering hose transfer assembly |
| F3386 / F3386M – 20 | Standard specification for detonation flame arresters |
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At Amardeep Steel, we pride ourselves on delivering top-quality steel and outstanding service. We guarantee that our steel meets ASTM standards and more, ensuring you get reliable products every time. With a large inventory of high-quality steel ready to ship, we are prepared to fulfill your order promptly. Request a quote or call us today to get started!
Density of Steel: Mild and Carbon Steel Density (lb/in³ & kg/m³)
Steel has a density of approximately 7.85 g/cm³ or 7850 kg/m³, which is about 490 pounds per cubic foot. This high density makes steel a strong and reliable material.
